What to Do when You're Allergic to Dogs

The term "hypoallergenic" was first used in reference to cosmetics in the 1950s. It refers to something being less likely to provoke an allergic reaction, not something totally non-allergenic. There are no known dog breeds that are guaranteed not to cause allergic reactions in humans; but there are breeds and methods available that make it possible for an allergic person to live with a dog.

It's Not the Hair

People often think they are allergic to dog hair, and thus, breeds touted as "hypoallergenic" shed less. Allergic responses to animals are actually caused by dander, microscopic skin flakes, and proteins found in the animals' saliva and urine. (This is why some people get hives when a dog licks them.)

It is true, however, that dog hair carries these allergens around the house and aids in the distribution and dissemination of the allergens. This is why breeds that shed less or have a single coat (versus a thick-haired dog with an undercoat) are often called "hypoallergenic." It has little to do with the actual length of the dog's hair.

Which Breeds Are Considered Hypoallergenic?

Examples of breeds that tend to be considered hypoallergenic are:

- Maltese
- Poodle and poodle hybrid
- Terrier
- Bichon-Frise
- Greyhound
- Chinese Crested and other hairless breeds (although their skin is entirely exposed, hairless breeds shed fewer skin cells than fur-covered dogs)
- Portuguese Water Dog and other curly-haired breeds

But what if you already have a dog, and it is causing you allergic misery? There are some things you can do to make living with a dog more comfortable if you have allergies.

* Bathe the dog once a week. This removes proteins, dust, and skin flakes from the dog and prevents them from flaking off into the air you breathe.

* Brush the dog often, and do so outdoors, where it is less likely to bring on an allergic reaction. You can also wear a dust mask when you groom your dog.

* Do not allow your dog into your bedroom. You spend a third of your life in the bedroom sleeping, and that is a time for your body to recover and rest from allergens. You can also run an air purifier in your bedroom.

* Consider letting your dog spend more time outside - but not all the time. Build a run or fence in an area where the dog can be comfortable and happy, and let him spend a few hours out there each day, weather permitting.

* Feed the dog a healthy diet high in essential fatty acids. Omega-3s and Omega-6s are necessary for a healthy skin and coat, and help prevent abnormal shedding.

There is no such thing as an allergy-proof dog, but there are certainly enough choices out there that allergic individuals can consider the joys and rewards of dog ownership.